Rosiglitazone ( Generic Avandia )

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Drug Information: Rosiglitazone

Why is this medication prescribed?

Rosiglitazone is used, alone or in combination with other medications, to treat type 2 (noninsulin-dependent) diabetes (formerly 'adult-onset') in people whose diabetes cannot be controlled by diet and exercise alone. Rosiglitazone is in a class of drugs called thiazolidinediones. These drugs work by increasing your body's sensitivity to insulin, a substance your body produces to help control blood sugar levels. Rosiglitazone is not used to treat type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes (formerly 'juvenile-onset').

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

How should this medicine be used?

Rosiglitazone comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It is usually taken once or twice daily with or without meals. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take rosiglitazone exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.

Rosiglitazone controls type 2 diabetes but does not cure it. Continue to take rosiglitazone even if you feel well. Do not stop taking rosiglitazone without talking to your doctor.

What special precautions should I follow?

Before taking rosiglitazone,

• tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, troglitazone, or any other drugs.
• tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications you are taking, especially insulin, other medications for type 2 diabetes, and vitamins or herbal products. Tell your doctor and pharmacist if you have ever taken troglitazone (Rezulin).
• tell your doctor if you have or have ever had heart failure, liver disease (including cirrhosis and hepatitis), high cholesterol, edema, (fluid retention problems) or a history of alcohol abuse.
• tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding. If you become pregnant while taking rosiglitazone, call your doctor immediately.
• you should know that rosiglitazone can restart ovulation in women taking oral contraceptives or those with polycystic ovary disease. You are at risk for pregnancy if adequate birth control is not used. You should discuss a reliable form of birth control with your doctor. If you are taking birth control pills, your doctor may choose to adjust your dose.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Rosiglitazone should be taken with the same meal(s) every day. Be sure to follow all exercise and dietary recommendations made by your doctor or dietitian. Calorie reduction, weight loss, and exercise will help control your diabetes and will also make rosiglitazone work better. It is important to eat a healthy diet.

Alcohol may cause a decrease in blood sugar. Ask your doctor about the safe use of alcoholic beverages while you are taking rosiglitazone.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

Take the missed dose as soon as your remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Rosiglitazone usually does not cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) when used alone, but it may cause low blood sugar when used with other medications for diabetes. If you have any of the following symptoms, eat or drink a food or beverage with sugar in it, such as hard candy or fruit juice, and call your doctor immediately. Symptoms of low blood sugar include:

• shakiness
• dizziness or lightheadedness
• sweating
• confusion
• nervousness or irritability
• sudden changes in behavior or mood
• headache
• numbness or tingling around the mouth
• weakness
• pale skin
• sudden hunger
• clumsy or jerky movements
• seizures

Call your doctor immediately if you have any of the following symptoms of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar):

• extreme thirst
• frequent urination
• extreme hunger
• weakness
• blurred vision

If high blood sugar is not treated, a serious, life-threatening condition called diabetic ketoacidosis could develop. Call your doctor immediately if you have any of the these symptoms:

• dry mouth
• upset stomach and vomiting
• shortness of breath
• breath that smells fruity
• decreased consciousness

Rosiglitazone may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:

• sinus or respiratory infection
• headache
• back pain
• diarrhea
• tiredness
• weight gain

If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately:

• irregular menstrual cycle (in women)
• stomach pain
• excessive tiredness
• dark urine
• yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes
• shortness of breath
• rapid weight gain
• swollen ankles or feet

What storage conditions are needed for this medicine?

Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any medication that is outdated or no longer needed. Talk to your pharmacist about the proper disposal of your medication.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of overdose, call your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. If the victim has collapsed or is not breathing, call local emergency services at 911.

What other information should I know?

Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your blood sugar and glycosolated hemoglobin (HbA1c) should be checked regularly to determine your response to rosiglitazone.

Rare cases of liver injury and failure have occurred during therapy with troglitazone, a drug similar to rosiglitazone. The potential risk of liver injury with rosiglitazone is not known at this time. It is important that you keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your doctor will order certain laboratory tests before and during your treatment to check your response to rosiglitazone. You will have these tests before you begin to take rosiglitazone, and then every 2 months for the first year of therapy. After the first year, these tests will be done less frequently.

Call your doctor during periods of stress, such as fever, trauma, infection, or prolonged illness. Your medications may need to be adjusted.

Rosiglitazone may cause a slight decrease in red and white blood cells. Before you have any laboratory test, tell the laboratory personnel and your doctor that you take this medication.

Do not let anyone else take your medication. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about refilling your prescription.

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