Xanax is used to treat anxiety disorders and
panic attacks. Alprazolam is in a class of
medications called benzodiazepines. It works by decreasing abnormal
excitement in the brain. Some benzodiazepines are used to relieve anxiety.
However, benzodiazepines should not be used to relieve nervousness or
tension caused by the stress of everyday life.
Xanax belong to the group of medicines called
central nervous system (CNS) depressants (medicines that slow down the
nervous system). Xanax also is used sometimes to
treat depression, fear of open spaces (agoraphobia), and premenstrual
syndrome. Talk to your doctor about the possible risks of using this
medication for your condition. Many of the benzodiazepines are used in the
treatment of other conditions, also. Chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate,
diazepam, and oxazepam are used to treat the symptoms of alcohol
withdrawal. Alprazolam and clonazepam are used
in the treatment of panic disorder. The benzodiazepines may also be used
for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Benzodiazepines may be habit-forming (causing mental or physical
dependence), especially when taken for a long time or in high doses.
Special precautions
Before taking Xanax ,
Allergies? tell your doctor if you have ever had any
unusual or allergic reaction to benzodiazepines. Also tell your health
care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as
foods, preservatives, or dyes. Certain benzodiazepine products may contain
lactose, parabens, or soybean oil.
Pregnancy? Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan
to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while
taking Xanax , call your doctor immediately.
Too much use of a Xanax during pregnancy may
cause the baby to become dependent on the medicine. This may lead to
withdrawal side effects after birth. Also, use of Xanax during
pregnancy, especially during the last weeks, may cause body temperature
problems, breathing problems, difficulty in feeding, drowsiness, or muscle
weakness in the newborn infant.
Xanax given just before or during labor may
cause weakness in the newborn infant. When diazepam is given in high doses
(especially by injection) within 15 hours before delivery, it may cause
breathing problems, muscle weakness, difficulty in feeding, and body
temperature problems in the newborn infant.
Breast-feeding? Xanax may pass into the
breast milk and cause drowsiness, difficulty in feeding, and weight loss
in nursing babies of mothers taking these medicines.
Children? Most of the side effects of these medicines
are more likely to occur in children, especially the very young. These
patients are usually more sensitive than adults to the effects of Xanax
.
Older adults? Most of the side effects of these
medicines are more likely to occur in the elderly, who are usually more
sensitive to the effects of Xanax .
Taking benzodiazepines for trouble in sleeping may cause more daytime
drowsiness in elderly patients than in younger adults. In addition, falls
and related injuries are more likely to occur in elderly patients taking Xanax
.
Other medicines? although certain medicines should not
be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be
used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your
doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary.
When you are taking or receiving benzodiazepines it is especially
important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of
the following:
• Central nervous system (CNS) depressants (medicines that
cause drowsiness)?The CNS depressant effects of either these medicines or
benzodiazepines may be increased; your doctor may want to change the dose
of either or both medicines
• Fluvoxamine (e.g., Luvox) or
• Nefazodone (e.g., Serzone)?Higher blood levels of
benzodiazepines may occur, increasing the chance that side effects will
occur; your doctor may want to change the dose of either or both
medicines, or give you a different medicine
• Itraconazole (e.g., Sporanox) or
• Ketoconazole (e.g., Nizoral)?these medicines should NOT be
used if you are taking a benzodiazepine.
Other medical problems? the presence of other medical
problems may affect the use of benzodiazepines. Make sure you tell your
doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
• Alcohol abuse (or history of) or
• Drug abuse or dependence (or history of)?Dependence on Xanax
may be more likely to develop
• Brain disease?CNS depression and other side effects of Xanax
may be more likely to occur
• Difficulty in swallowing (in children) or
• Emphysema, asthma, bronchitis, or other chronic lung disease
or
• Hyperactivity or
• Mental depression or
• Mental illness (severe) or
• Myasthenia gravis or
• Porphyria or
• Sleep apnea (temporary stopping of breathing during sleep)? Xanax
may make these conditions worse
• Epilepsy or history of seizures?Although some Xanax
are used in treating epilepsy, starting or suddenly stopping
treatment with these medicines may increase seizures
• Glaucoma, acute narrow angle? Xanax should
NOT be used if you have this condition.
• Glaucoma, open angle? Xanax is used
to treat anxiety disorders and panic attacks. can be used but your doctor
should be monitoring your condition carefully.
• Kidney or liver disease?higher blood levels of Xanax
is used to treat anxiety disorders and panic attacks. may
result, increasing the chance that side effects will occur
Side effects
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted
effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do
occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side
effects occur:
• Less common
- Anxiety; confusion (may be more common in the elderly);
fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat ; lack of memory of
events taking place after Xanax is taken
(may be more common with triazolam); mental depression
• Rare
- Abnormal thinking, including disorientation, delusions (holding
false beliefs that cannot be changed by facts), or loss of sense of
reality ; agitation; behavior changes, including
aggressive behavior, bizarre behavior, decreased inhibition, or
outbursts of anger; convulsions (seizures);
hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not
there); hypotension (low blood pressure); muscle
weakness; skin rash or itching ; sore throat, fever, and
chills; trouble in sleeping; ulcers or sores in mouth or
throat (continuing); uncontrolled movements of body, including
the eyes; unusual bleeding or bruising ; unusual
excitement, nervousness, or irritability ; unusual tiredness
or weakness (severe); yellow eyes or skin
• Symptoms of overdose
- Confusion (continuing); convulsions (seizures);
drowsiness (severe) or coma; shakiness; slow heartbeat;
slow reflexes; slurred speech (continuing) ; staggering;
troubled breathing ; weakness (severe)
Keep all appointments with your doctor.
Do not let anyone else take your medication. Ask your pharmacist any
questions you have about refilling your prescription.
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XANAX® is in a class of drugs
called benzodiazepines.
Approved by the FDA in 1981, controlled clinical trials have demonstrated
that XANAX is effective in the treatment of Generalized
Anxiety Disorder, anxiety
associated with depression*, and Panic
Disorder with or without agoraphobia.
(Safety and effectiveness of XANAX in individuals below 18 years of age
have not been established. For more Important Safety Information about
XANAX, click
here.)
How XANAX works is not known, but it is believed to affect some of the
chemicals in the brain.
Recently, a new, once daily formulation of XANAX® was
approved by the FDA and is now available to patients. XANAX XR®
(alprazolam extended-release tablets) is indicated for the treatment of
Panic Disorder. To learn more about XANAX XR, click
here for safety and product information.
Important Safety Information
XANAX should not be used if you have a condition called acute narrow angle
glaucoma. It can be used if you have open angle glaucoma. Ask your doctor
if you have questions.
Side effects, if they occur, are generally observed at the beginning of
therapy and usually disappear upon continued use. The most commonly
reported side effects in clinical trials were drowsiness, fatigue,
impaired coordination, irritability, light-headedness, memory impairment,
insomnia, and headache.
To assure safe and effective use of benzodiazepines make sure that you:
- Inform your physician about any alcohol consumption and medicine you
are currently taking, including medication you may buy without a
prescription.
- XANAX is not recommended for use in pregnancy. Inform your physician
if you are pregnant, if you are planning to become pregnant, or if you
become pregnant while taking this medication.
- Inform your physician if you are nursing.
- Until you experience how the medication affects you, do not drive a
car or operate hazardous machinery.
- Do not increase the dose even if you think the medication isn't
working, without consulting your physician.
- Benzodiazepines, even when used as recommended, may produce
emotional and/physical dependence.
- Do not stop taking this medication abruptly or decrease the dose
without consulting your physician, since discontinuation symptoms may
occur.
Important Considerations for Patients Diagnosed with Panic Disorder
At doses greater than 4 mg per day, XANAX has the potential to cause
severe emotional and physical dependence in some patients and these
individuals may find it exceedingly difficult to terminate treatment. It
is important that your physician help you discontinue this medication in a
careful and safe manner to avoid overly extended use of XANAX. In
addition, the extended use of XANAX at doses greater than 4 mg per day
appears to increase the incidence and severity of withdrawal reactions
when the drug is discontinued. These are generally minor but seizure can
occur, especially if you reduce the dose too rapidly or discontinue the
medication abruptly. Seizure can be life-threatening.
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